Stats for Gender https://statsforgender.org/ Providing reliable and accessible information on gender and transition. Fri, 19 Dec 2025 13:17:24 +0000 en-US hourly 1 https://wordpress.org/?v=6.9.4 https://statsforgender.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/favicon-150x150.png Stats for Gender https://statsforgender.org/ 32 32 NHS gender clinics do not meet quality assurance standards. https://statsforgender.org/nhs-gender-clinics-do-not-meet-quality-assurance-standards/ Fri, 19 Dec 2025 13:17:23 +0000 https://statsforgender.org/?p=3258 An operational and delivery review1 of adult gender clinics in England found that clinics lacked patient outcome data, had limited data reporting of inconsistent quality, and had minimal clinical audit. These failings put the clinics outside standard NHS quality assurance expectations.  These clinics also showed no signs of responding to the changing demographics of their […]

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]]> An operational and delivery review1 of adult gender clinics in England found that clinics lacked patient outcome data, had limited data reporting of inconsistent quality, and had minimal clinical audit. These failings put the clinics outside standard NHS quality assurance expectations. 

These clinics also showed no signs of responding to the changing demographics of their referrals. Clinics made little effort to respond to the needs of this changing cohort, which was younger and more female than had previously been the case.

Some clinics reportedly carried out little or no knowledge-sharing or quality improvement work. Senior clinical leadership also steered some clinicians away from appropriate clinical curiosity, limiting opportunities to improve patient outcomes. In addition, many clinics were not well overseen by their local trust boards, nor by NHS England.

  1. Levy D, Operational and delivery review of NHS adult gender dysphoria clinics in England. https://www.england.nhs.uk/publication/operational-and-delivery-review-of-nhs-adult-gender-dysphoria-clinics-in-england/ ↩︎

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]]> All-cause mortality is higher for women taking testosterone than for women in general. https://statsforgender.org/all-cause-mortality-is-higher-for-women-taking-testosterone-than-for-women-in-general/ Fri, 19 Dec 2025 12:36:29 +0000 https://statsforgender.org/?p=3254 A retrospective cohort study1 of patients at an Amsterdam gender clinic found that all-cause mortality increased for females receiving testosterone and continued to increase over time. Women taking testosterone had an overall Standard Mortality Ratio (SMR) of 1.8 compared to women in general. Deaths from non-natural causes were especially high.

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]]> A retrospective cohort study1 of patients at an Amsterdam gender clinic found that all-cause mortality increased for females receiving testosterone and continued to increase over time. Women taking testosterone had an overall Standard Mortality Ratio (SMR) of 1.8 compared to women in general. Deaths from non-natural causes were especially high.

  1. de Blok CJ, Wiepjes CM, van Velzen DM, Staphorsius AS, Nota NM, Gooren LJ, Kreukels BP, den Heijer M. Mortality trends over five decades in adult transgender people receiving hormone treatment: a report from the Amsterdam cohort of gender dysphoria. Lancet Diabetes and Endocrinology. 2021 Oct;9(10):663-670. doi: 10.1016/S2213-8587(21)00185-6. Epub 2021 Sep 2. PMID: 34481559. ↩︎

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]]> All-cause mortality is higher for males taking estrogen than for men in general. https://statsforgender.org/all-cause-mortality-is-higher-for-males-taking-estrogen-than-for-men-in-general/ Tue, 16 Dec 2025 16:17:14 +0000 https://statsforgender.org/?p=3249 A retrospective cohort study1 of patients at an Amsterdam gender clinic found that all-cause mortality increased within a few years of beginning estrogen treatment and continued to increase over time. Men taking estrogen had an overall Standard Mortality Ratio (SMR) of 1.8 compared to men in general. The major causes of death included cardiovascular disease […]

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]]> A retrospective cohort study1 of patients at an Amsterdam gender clinic found that all-cause mortality increased within a few years of beginning estrogen treatment and continued to increase over time. Men taking estrogen had an overall Standard Mortality Ratio (SMR) of 1.8 compared to men in general. The major causes of death included cardiovascular disease (21%), cancer (32%), infection-related disease (5%), and suicide (7.5%).

  1. de Blok CJ, Wiepjes CM, van Velzen DM, Staphorsius AS, Nota NM, Gooren LJ, Kreukels BP, den Heijer M. Mortality trends over five decades in adult transgender people receiving hormone treatment: a report from the Amsterdam cohort of gender dysphoria. Lancet Diabetes and Endocrinology. 2021 Oct;9(10):663-670. doi: 10.1016/S2213-8587(21)00185-6. Epub 2021 Sep 2. PMID: 34481559. ↩︎

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]]> Around one in six young people treated with cross sex hormones ceased treatment. https://statsforgender.org/around-one-in-six-young-people-treated-with-cross-sex-hormones-ceased-treatment/ Mon, 15 Dec 2025 14:44:38 +0000 https://statsforgender.org/?p=3245 An exploratory study1 of adolescents and young adults in Canada and the US found that 16.8% of those receiving “gender affirming medical treatment” (puberty blockers and cross sex hormones) stopped “treatment” within around five years of declaring a “trans” or “non binary” identity.  Of those who discontinued treatment, 37.3% did so for health reasons. 32% […]

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]]> An exploratory study1 of adolescents and young adults in Canada and the US found that 16.8% of those receiving “gender affirming medical treatment” (puberty blockers and cross sex hormones) stopped “treatment” within around five years of declaring a “trans” or “non binary” identity. 

Of those who discontinued treatment, 37.3% did so for health reasons. 32% ended treatment due to a change in gender identity. 12% were persuaded by health professionals or a partner to explore different ways of approaching their gender dysphoria.

Stopping treatment was associated with having a “non binary” identity. Both continuing and non-continuing cohorts had a mean age of 16.1 when “coming out”, but those discontinuing treatment were slightly older (22.1 vs. 20.9.) 

  1. MacKinnon KR, Jeyabalan T, Strang JF, Delgado-Ron JA, Lam JSH, Gould WA, Cooper A, Salway T. Discontinuation of Gender-Affirming Medical Treatments: Prevalence and Associated Features in a Nonprobabilistic Sample of Transgender and Gender-Diverse Adolescents and Young Adults in Canada and the United States. Journal of Adolescent Health. 2024 Oct;75(4):569-577. doi: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2024.05.015. Epub 2024 Jun 28. PMID: 38944803. ↩︎

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]]> Bone mineral density that declines during puberty blockade may not fully recover with cross-sex hormone treatment. https://statsforgender.org/bone-mineral-density-that-declines-during-puberty-blockade-may-not-fully-recover-with-cross-sex-hormone-treatment/ Wed, 10 Dec 2025 11:58:12 +0000 https://statsforgender.org/?p=3238 A cohort study1 of trans-identified people who had received puberty blockers and long-term cross sex hormones found that bone mineral density z-scores (which compare the patient with age- and sex-typical values) fell during puberty blockade, and did not fully recover following over a decade of cross-sex hormone treatment. This was especially the case for the […]

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]]> A cohort study1 of trans-identified people who had received puberty blockers and long-term cross sex hormones found that bone mineral density z-scores (which compare the patient with age- and sex-typical values) fell during puberty blockade, and did not fully recover following over a decade of cross-sex hormone treatment. This was especially the case for the lumbar spine of males receiving estrogen.

It is also notable that, of the original 143 eligible participants, only 75 completed this research. Of those who left the cohort, 6 (4%) had discontinued cross-sex hormone treatment and 27 (19%) could not be reached. These figures are consistent with high loss to follow up in other studies of so-called “gender-affirming care.”  

  1. van der Loos MATC, Vlot MC, Klink DT, Hannema SE, den Heijer M, Wiepjes CM. Bone Mineral Density in Transgender Adolescents Treated With Puberty Suppression and Subsequent Gender-Affirming Hormones. JAMA Pediatrics. 2023 Dec 1;177(12):1332-1341. doi: 10.1001/jamapediatrics.2023.4588. PMID: 37902760; PMCID: PMC10616766. ↩︎

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]]> Trans-identified people have higher than average rates of all mental illnesses. https://statsforgender.org/trans-identified-people-have-higher-than-average-rates-of-all-mental-illnesses/ Mon, 08 Dec 2025 11:34:17 +0000 https://statsforgender.org/?p=3233 A study1 of the medical records of 10,270 trans-identified patients found that 58% had at least one psychiatric diagnosis. This compares to just 13.6% of patients without trans identities. Trans-identified patients showed greater prevalence of every psychiatric condition queried, with major depressive disorder and generalized anxiety disorder being the most common diagnoses (31% and 12%, […]

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]]> A study1 of the medical records of 10,270 trans-identified patients found that 58% had at least one psychiatric diagnosis. This compares to just 13.6% of patients without trans identities. Trans-identified patients showed greater prevalence of every psychiatric condition queried, with major depressive disorder and generalized anxiety disorder being the most common diagnoses (31% and 12%, respectively). There was also an increased lifetime prevalence of bipolar disorder (11%) and psychotic disorders (4.7% overall, 2.5% for schizophrenia and 2.2% for schizoaffective disorder) in trans-identified patients.

  1. Wanta JW, Niforatos JD, Durbak E, Viguera A, Altinay M. Mental Health Diagnoses Among Transgender Patients in the Clinical Setting: An All-Payer Electronic Health Record Study. Transgender Health. 2019 Nov 1;4(1):313-315. doi: 10.1089/trgh.2019.0029. PMID: 31701012; PMCID: PMC6830528. ↩︎

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]]> Boys receiving puberty blockers for gender dysphoria experienced irreversible changes to their testes. https://statsforgender.org/boys-receiving-puberty-blockers-for-gender-dysphoria-experienced-irreversible-changes-to-their-testes/ Thu, 04 Dec 2025 16:22:27 +0000 https://statsforgender.org/?p=3227 A histological analysis1 of testicular tissue taken from boys receiving puberty blockers for gender dysphoria showed that the tissue showed abnormal development that was likely to be irreversible. Samples were gathered as part of “fertility preservation surgery,” in which testicular tissue is harvested and preserved in hope that it will be able to produce sperm […]

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]]> A histological analysis1 of testicular tissue taken from boys receiving puberty blockers for gender dysphoria showed that the tissue showed abnormal development that was likely to be irreversible.

Samples were gathered as part of “fertility preservation surgery,” in which testicular tissue is harvested and preserved in hope that it will be able to produce sperm later. Every boy with gender dysphoria in the study had elected for this surgery due to inability or reluctance to ejaculate. This suggests the possible presence of various psychological and physical conditions that are unexplored in the research.

  1. Murugesh V, Ritting M, Salem S, Aalam SMM, Garcia J, Chattha AJ, Zhao Y, Knapp DJ, Kalthur G, Granberg CF, Kannan N. Puberty Blocker and Aging Impact on Testicular Cell States and Function. bioRxiv [Preprint]. 2024 Mar 27:2024.03.23.586441. Doi: 10.1101/2024.03.23.586441. PMID: 38585884; PMCID: PMC10996503. ↩︎

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]]> Critical media coverage of “gender-affirming care” was associated with a decline in gender clinic referrals. https://statsforgender.org/critical-media-coverage-of-gender-affirming-care-was-associated-with-a-decline-in-gender-clinic-referrals/ Wed, 03 Dec 2025 14:35:39 +0000 https://statsforgender.org/?p=3223 An analysis1 of gender clinic referrals in Sweden found an association between “negative” media coverage of “gender-affirming care” – specifically the “Trans Train”2 documentary – and a decrease of 25.4% in referrals to pediatric gender clinics.

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]]> An analysis1 of gender clinic referrals in Sweden found an association between “negative” media coverage of “gender-affirming care” – specifically the “Trans Train”2 documentary – and a decrease of 25.4% in referrals to pediatric gender clinics.

  1. Indremo M, Jodensvi AC, Arinell H, Isaksson J, Papadopoulos FC. Association of Media Coverage on Transgender Health With Referrals to Child and Adolescent Gender Identity Clinics in Sweden. JAMA Netw Open. 2022;5(2):e2146531. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.46531 ↩︎
  2. https://youtu.be/MVEZ7gELcgY?si=6uc6DZBmGsKlXXQ8 ↩︎

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]]> Psychological effects of puberty blockers on young people may be worse than placebo. https://statsforgender.org/psychological-effects-of-puberty-blockers-on-young-people-may-be-worse-than-placebo/ Wed, 03 Dec 2025 11:34:06 +0000 https://statsforgender.org/?p=3220 An analysis1 comparing psychological effects of puberty blockers on teenagers with gender dysphoria with existing research on placebo effects for various mental health conditions found that placebo effects appeared to be at least as strong as the effect of puberty blockers, if not stronger.

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]]> An analysis1 comparing psychological effects of puberty blockers on teenagers with gender dysphoria with existing research on placebo effects for various mental health conditions found that placebo effects appeared to be at least as strong as the effect of puberty blockers, if not stronger.

  1. https://sex-matters.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/12/Teenagers-medication-vs-placebo.pdf ↩︎

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]]> Depression symptoms got worse in children taking puberty blockers. https://statsforgender.org/depression-symptoms-got-worse-in-children-taking-puberty-blockers/ Mon, 01 Dec 2025 11:24:10 +0000 https://statsforgender.org/?p=3216 In a study of 94 children with gender dysphoria, aged 8-16 and beginning to take puberty blockers, depression symptoms were more likely to get worse than to improve over two years of treatment. Scores on the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-Y) went from 72% average, 10% mildly elevated, 10% moderately elevated, and 8% severely elevated at […]

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]]> In a study1 of 94 children with gender dysphoria, aged 8-16 and beginning to take puberty blockers, depression symptoms were more likely to get worse than to improve over two years of treatment. Scores on the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-Y) went from 72% average, 10% mildly elevated, 10% moderately elevated, and 8% severely elevated at baseline to 75% average, 7% mildly elevated, 14% moderately elevated, and 9% severely elevated after 24 months. 

This study was conducted from 2016 to 2021 by Dr. Johanna Olson-Kennedy. In 2024, the New York Times reported2 Dr. Olson-Kennedy saying that publication of this research had been delayed because she feared that research showing that puberty blockers did not improve patients’ mental health would be “weaponized” against the use of puberty blockers by opponents of the practice. The report appeared as a pre-print, not peer-reviewed, in May 2025.

  1. Johanna Olson-Kennedy, Liyuan Wang, Carolyn F. Wong, Diane Chen, Diane Ehrensaft, Marco A. Hidalgo, Amy C. Tishelman, Yee-Ming Chan, Robert Garofalo, Asa E. Radix, Stephen M. Rosenthal, Emotional Health of Transgender Youth 24 Months After Initiating Gender-Affirming Hormone Therapy, Journal of Adolescent Health, Volume 77, Issue 1, 2025, Pages 41-50, ISSN 1054-139X, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jadohealth.2024.11.014. ↩︎
  2. https://www.nytimes.com/2024/10/23/science/puberty-blockers-olson-kennedy.html
    ↩︎

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]]> Women taking GnRH agonists for endometriosis experienced memory problems during treatment. https://statsforgender.org/women-taking-gnrh-agonists-for-endometriosis-experienced-memory-problems-during-treatment/ Tue, 25 Nov 2025 11:34:23 +0000 https://statsforgender.org/?p=3185 A study1 of women taking GnRH agonists (a/k/a “puberty blockers”) to treat endometriosis found that 31% had “mild” memory problems, 25% had “moderate” problems, and 19% had “marked” problems. Problems were mainly with prospective and short-term memory.

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]]> A study1 of women taking GnRH agonists (a/k/a “puberty blockers”) to treat endometriosis found that 31% had “mild” memory problems, 25% had “moderate” problems, and 19% had “marked” problems. Problems were mainly with prospective and short-term memory.

  1. Christopher Newton, Dianne Slota, Albert A. Yuzpe, Ian S. Tummon, Memory complaints associated with the use of gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonists: a preliminary study, Fertility and Sterility, Volume 65, Issue 6, 1996. ISSN 0015-0282. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0015-0282(16)58351-4. ↩︎

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]]> The IQ of girls given puberty blockers for precocious puberty fell by eight points. https://statsforgender.org/the-iq-of-girls-given-puberty-blockers-for-precocious-puberty-fell-by-eight-points/ Mon, 24 Nov 2025 15:07:32 +0000 https://statsforgender.org/?p=3180 A study1 of 15 girls treated with puberty blockers for central precocious puberty showed that IQ fell by around eight points. The average fell from 102 (55th percentile) to 94 (34th percentile). Two patients were held back a year at school. In another study2 of 30 children experiencing early puberty and treated with puberty blockers, IQ fell […]

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]]> A study1 of 15 girls treated with puberty blockers for central precocious puberty showed that IQ fell by around eight points. The average fell from 102 (55th percentile) to 94 (34th percentile). Two patients were held back a year at school.

In another study2 of 30 children experiencing early puberty and treated with puberty blockers, IQ fell by around seven points.

  1. Wojniusz S, Callens N, Sütterlin S, Andersson S, De Schepper J, Gies I, Vanbesien J, De Waele K, Van Aken S, Craen M, Vögele C, Cools M, Haraldsen IR. Cognitive, Emotional, and Psychosocial Functioning of Girls Treated with Pharmacological Puberty Blockage for Idiopathic Central Precocious Puberty. Frontiers in Psychology. 2016 Jul 12;7:1053. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2016.01053. PMID: 27462292; PMCID: PMC4940404. ↩︎
  2. Mul D, Versluis-den Bieman HJ, Slijper FM, Oostdijk W, Waelkens JJ, Drop SL. Psychological assessments before and after treatment of early puberty in adopted children. Acta Paediatrica. 2001 Sep;90(9):965-71. doi: 10.1080/080352501316978011. PMID: 11683207. ↩︎

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]]> IQ fell in a male patient whose puberty was blocked due to gender distress. https://statsforgender.org/iq-fell-in-a-male-patient-whose-puberty-was-blocked-due-to-gender-distress/ Mon, 24 Nov 2025 13:58:13 +0000 https://statsforgender.org/?p=3176 A case study1 of a male patient whose puberty was blocked at age 11 showed a decline in several measurements of intelligence over the following three years, including decline of 10 points in global IQ and 15 points in verbal comprehension.  Verbal comprehension showed a continuous decline. Other measurements showed some improvement after an initial […]

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]]> A case study1 of a male patient whose puberty was blocked at age 11 showed a decline in several measurements of intelligence over the following three years, including decline of 10 points in global IQ and 15 points in verbal comprehension. 

Verbal comprehension showed a continuous decline. Other measurements showed some improvement after an initial decline, but never recovered to baseline levels. Processing speed index scores initially improved, but then fell below baseline.

  1. Schneider MA, Spritzer PM, Soll BMB, Fontanari AMV, Carneiro M, Tovar-Moll F, Costa AB, da Silva DC, Schwarz K, Anes M, Tramontina S, Lobato MIR. Brain Maturation, Cognition and Voice Pattern in a Gender Dysphoria Case under Pubertal Suppression. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience. 2017 Nov 14;11:528. doi: 10.3389/fnhum.2017.00528. PMID: 29184488; PMCID: PMC5694455. ↩︎

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]]> Animal studies suggest puberty blockers may impair brain development, sometimes irrevocably. https://statsforgender.org/animal-studies-suggest-puberty-blockers-may-impair-brain-development-sometimes-irrevocably/ Mon, 24 Nov 2025 12:15:34 +0000 https://statsforgender.org/?p=3171 A review1 of studies of the effect of puberty blockers on animals (sheep, mice, macaque monkeys) suggests that brain development and neurological functioning may be compromised by the treatment. In some cases, hormone replacement (i.e. testosterone replacement in male sheep given GnRH agonists) did not mitigate or undo the observed changes. A variety of sex-specific […]

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]]> A review1 of studies of the effect of puberty blockers on animals (sheep, mice, macaque monkeys) suggests that brain development and neurological functioning may be compromised by the treatment. In some cases, hormone replacement (i.e. testosterone replacement in male sheep given GnRH agonists) did not mitigate or undo the observed changes. A variety of sex-specific effects were also observed.

  1. Baxendale S. The impact of suppressing puberty on neuropsychological function: a review. Acta Paediatrica. 2024; 113(6): 1156-1167. doi:10.1111/apa.17150 ↩︎

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]]> More patients on puberty blockers saw their distress deteriorate than improve. https://statsforgender.org/more-patients-on-puberty-blockers-saw-their-distress-deteriorate-than-improve/ Mon, 24 Nov 2025 11:25:44 +0000 https://statsforgender.org/?p=3167 A study1 of children from 12-15 receiving puberty blockers via the Gender Identity and Development Service showed that 37-70% of patients showed no improvement in levels of distress. 15-34% showed deterioration, while only 9-29% showed improvement.  The highest rate of deterioration (34%) was recorded at the 12 month evaluation, when the sample size was at […]

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]]> A study1 of children from 12-15 receiving puberty blockers via the Gender Identity and Development Service showed that 37-70% of patients showed no improvement in levels of distress. 15-34% showed deterioration, while only 9-29% showed improvement. 

The highest rate of deterioration (34%) was recorded at the 12 month evaluation, when the sample size was at its largest. Evaluations at 24 and 36 months were affected by significant loss to follow-up, which compromises the data.

  1. McPherson, S., & Freedman, D. E. P. (2023). Psychological Outcomes of 12–15-Year-Olds with Gender Dysphoria Receiving Pubertal Suppression in the UK: Assessing Reliable and Clinically Significant Change. Journal of Sex & Marital Therapy, 50(3), 315–325. https://doi.org/10.1080/0092623X.2023.2281986 ↩︎

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]]> 94% of females taking testosterone experience pelvic floor dysfunction. https://statsforgender.org/94-of-females-taking-testosterone-experience-pelvic-floor-dysfunction/ Fri, 21 Nov 2025 09:18:36 +0000 https://statsforgender.org/?p=3163 In a study1 of 68 women taking testosterone, 94.1% had some form of pelvic floor dysfunction. 86.7% had urinary symptoms. Other problems included storage symptoms (69.1%), sexual dysfunction (52.9%), anorectal symptoms (45.6%), and flatal incontinence (39.7%.)

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]]> In a study1 of 68 women taking testosterone, 94.1% had some form of pelvic floor dysfunction. 86.7% had urinary symptoms. Other problems included storage symptoms (69.1%), sexual dysfunction (52.9%), anorectal symptoms (45.6%), and flatal incontinence (39.7%.)

  1. da Silva LMB, Freire SND, Moretti E, Barbosa L. Pelvic Floor Dysfunction in Transgender Men on Gender-affirming Hormone Therapy: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study. International Urogynecology Journal. 2024 May;35(5):1077-1084. doi: 10.1007/s00192-024-05779-3. Epub 2024 Apr 25. PMID: 38662108. ↩︎

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]]> Rates of suicidality and self-harm did not improve in teenagers taking puberty blockers. https://statsforgender.org/rates-of-suicidality-and-self-harm-did-not-improve-in-teenagers-taking-puberty-blockers/ Thu, 20 Nov 2025 09:56:08 +0000 https://statsforgender.org/?p=3160 In a prospective study1 of patients aged 12-15 referred to University College Hospital, London by the Gender Identity Development Service, patients on puberty blockers showed no change in rates of suicidality or self-harm. This study is compromised by the lack of follow-up once patients reached the age of 16, meaning there were significant effective drop-out […]

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]]> In a prospective study1 of patients aged 12-15 referred to University College Hospital, London by the Gender Identity Development Service, patients on puberty blockers showed no change in rates of suicidality or self-harm.

This study is compromised by the lack of follow-up once patients reached the age of 16, meaning there were significant effective drop-out rates at 24 and 36 months.

  1. Carmichael P, Butler G, Masic U, Cole TJ, De Stavola BL, Davidson S, Skageberg EM, Khadr S, Viner RM. Short-term outcomes of pubertal suppression in a selected cohort of 12 to 15 year old young people with persistent gender dysphoria in the UK. PLoS One. 2021 Feb 2;16(2):e0243894. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0243894. PMID: 33529227; PMCID: PMC7853497. ↩︎

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]]> The height of teenagers taking puberty blockers did not increase at an age-appropriate rate. https://statsforgender.org/the-height-of-teenagers-taking-puberty-blockers-did-not-increase-at-an-age-appropriate-rate/ Wed, 19 Nov 2025 13:54:03 +0000 https://statsforgender.org/?p=3156 In a prospective study1 of patients aged 12-15 referred to University College Hospital, London by the Gender Identity Development Service, patients on puberty blockers did grow taller, but not by as much as others in their age group.

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]]> In a prospective study1 of patients aged 12-15 referred to University College Hospital, London by the Gender Identity Development Service, patients on puberty blockers did grow taller, but not by as much as others in their age group.

  1. Carmichael P, Butler G, Masic U, Cole TJ, De Stavola BL, Davidson S, Skageberg EM, Khadr S, Viner RM. Short-term outcomes of pubertal suppression in a selected cohort of 12 to 15 year old young people with persistent gender dysphoria in the UK. PLoS One. 2021 Feb 2;16(2):e0243894. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0243894. PMID: 33529227; PMCID: PMC7853497. ↩︎

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]]> Teenagers taking puberty blockers report more negative mood changes over time. https://statsforgender.org/teenagers-taking-puberty-blockers-report-more-negative-mood-changes-over-time/ Wed, 19 Nov 2025 11:21:04 +0000 https://statsforgender.org/?p=3151 In a prospective study1 of patients aged 12-15 referred to University College Hospital, London by the Gender Identity Development Service, patients reported increases in negative mood and decreases in positive mood over time since beginning puberty blockage. This study is compromised by the lack of follow-up once patients reached the age of 16, meaning there […]

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]]> In a prospective study1 of patients aged 12-15 referred to University College Hospital, London by the Gender Identity Development Service, patients reported increases in negative mood and decreases in positive mood over time since beginning puberty blockage.

This study is compromised by the lack of follow-up once patients reached the age of 16, meaning there were significant effective drop-out rates at 24 and 36 months.

  1. Carmichael P, Butler G, Masic U, Cole TJ, De Stavola BL, Davidson S, Skageberg EM, Khadr S, Viner RM. Short-term outcomes of pubertal suppression in a selected cohort of 12 to 15 year old young people with persistent gender dysphoria in the UK. PLoS One. 2021 Feb 2;16(2):e0243894. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0243894. PMID: 33529227; PMCID: PMC7853497. ↩︎

The post Teenagers taking puberty blockers report more negative mood changes over time. appeared first on Stats for Gender.

]]> The bone mineral density of teenagers taking puberty blockers did not increase to age-appropriate levels https://statsforgender.org/the-bone-mineral-density-of-teenagers-taking-puberty-blockers-did-not-increase-to-age-appropriate-levels/ Wed, 19 Nov 2025 11:02:36 +0000 https://statsforgender.org/?p=3147 In a prospective study1 of patients aged 12-15 referred to University College Hospital, London by the Gender Identity Development Service, bone mineral density (BMD) in the hip showed no change from baseline over 36 months. Spinal BMD showed some increase at 24 months, but at no point did BMD show an age-appropriate increase. This study […]

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]]> In a prospective study1 of patients aged 12-15 referred to University College Hospital, London by the Gender Identity Development Service, bone mineral density (BMD) in the hip showed no change from baseline over 36 months. Spinal BMD showed some increase at 24 months, but at no point did BMD show an age-appropriate increase.

This study is compromised by the lack of follow-up once patients reached the age of 16, meaning there were significant effective drop-out rates at 24 and 36 months.

  1. Carmichael P, Butler G, Masic U, Cole TJ, De Stavola BL, Davidson S, Skageberg EM, Khadr S, Viner RM. Short-term outcomes of pubertal suppression in a selected cohort of 12 to 15 year old young people with persistent gender dysphoria in the UK. PLoS One. 2021 Feb 2;16(2):e0243894. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0243894. PMID: 33529227; PMCID: PMC7853497. ↩︎

The post The bone mineral density of teenagers taking puberty blockers did not increase to age-appropriate levels appeared first on Stats for Gender.

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